Document Type : Original
Authors
1 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
Abstract
Surah Al-Fath is a strategic text revealed in the historical context of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah—an event many early Muslims viewed as a political retreat and defeat. However, the Holy Quran referred to it as the "Manifest Victory" (Fath Mubin). This fundamental contradiction and semantic shift form the core research question: What are the discursive mechanisms Surah Al-Fath employs to redefine an event with the appearance of defeat into a symbol of success? The main goal of this study is thus to analyze how the discourse of "Power and Divine Will" is constructed and established to interpret "Fath Mubin" as a strategic and lasting victory.
This qualitative study utilizes the Practical Discourse Analysis Method (PDAM) to investigate the Surah's text across five analytical spaces. Findings reveal that Surah Al-Fath executes a complex discursive project aimed at a paradigm shift in the concept of "power." Through linguistic engineering, the Surah elevates power from a purely material and military notion to a spiritual and strategic concept, linking it with key notions such as "Sakīnah" (tranquility) and "Divine Pleasure." Furthermore, the trans-discursive analysis uncovers three "Ultimate Signifiers" serving as the foundation of this discourse. Ultimately, the study concludes that the discourse of Surah Al-Fath is not merely a historical recount; it functions as a political-epistemological charter. By presenting a political model, it defines legitimate power not through apparent dominance, but through strategic alignment with the wise Will of God, thereby laying the theoretical foundations for a unique political-epistemological system.
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