The Shadow of the Mother Tongue on Understanding the Text of Revelation: A Hermeneutical Challenge in Contemporary Persian Exegeses

Document Type : Original

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. Tabriz. IRAN

Abstract

The historical interaction between the language of the Quran (Arabic) and the Persian language has led to extensive lexical borrowing and profound semantic shifts in the target language, posing a significant challenge for Persian-speaking exegetes. Employing an interdisciplinary approach combining cognitive semantics and critical translation studies, this research argues that certain Quranic loanwords function as "cognitive-semantic traps," leading to a "hermeneutical displacement" in the interpretation of the Quranic text. This article aims to model this mechanism through a qualitative analysis of ten contemporary Persian tafsir works, examining two challenging and high-frequency loanwords, "bariʾ/baraʾa" (بریء/برائت) and "majnūn" (مجنون), as case studies. Findings indicate that, concerning "baraʾa," an "attitudinal-contractual framework" (denoting a legal-political act of disavowal in the revelatory era) has been reduced within the Persian linguistic context to an "affective prototype" (meaning aversion and hatred). Regarding "majnūn," the "cultural-belief framework" of the revelatory era (pertaining to a dispute over the origin of revelation: God or jinn) has been entirely supplanted by a modern "medical-pathological framework" (signifying clinical insanity). The analysis of these tafsir works reveals three typological approaches: (1) substitutive-conventional, (2) eclectic-hesitant, and (3) philological-conservative, demonstrating that "unconscious domestication" is the predominant strategy in navigating these traps. This research concludes that the exegete's native language is not a transparent tool but rather a powerful "pre-understanding" (Vorverständnis) that can systematically shape the interpretive process. Accordingly, the article underscores the imperative of active "hermeneutical vigilance" in Quranic studies to safeguard the authenticity of divine meaning.

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