Razavi University of Islamic Sciences Quranic Doctrines 2251-9378 22 42 2025 12 22 The Quranic Principles and Strategies for Negotiation with the Enemy The Quranic Principles and Strategies for Negotiation with the Enemy 185 222 2156 10.30513/qd.2025.6911.2528 FA Ali ,Montazeri PhD Student in Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Theology, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran. Madi Izadi Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Theology, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2025 03 27 Political negotiation is one of the most crucial and common tools of diplomacy for reaching agreements between states in various domains, including diplomatic relations and foreign policy. It plays a key role in the peaceful attainment of the demands, interests, and ideals of the negotiating parties. Every state, in seeking a favorable agreement with either allies or adversaries, must adhere to its own religious and legal frameworks during the negotiation process. The Holy Quran presents principles and strategies for the negotiation of Islamic governments with both friendly and hostile states. However, these principles and strategies have not been explicitly and systematically articulated and categorized; they must be inductively derived and presented based on evidence from books of Quranic exegesis. Therefore, this research employs a descriptive-analytical method, referring to Quranic lexicons and exegetical works to collect and categorize verses related to negotiation, extracting from their meanings the relevant principles and strategies. According to the findings of this study, the negotiation strategies from the perspective of the Holy Quran are: pre-negotiation strategies, intra-negotiation strategies, post-negotiation strategies, and strategies common to all three stages. All these strategies fall under four overarching principles: The Principle of Monotheism and Guardianship (Tawḥīd and Wilāyah); The Principle of Dignity and Authority; The Principle of Justice-Seeking and Anti-Oppression; and The Principle of Wisdom and Expediency. Political negotiation is one of the most crucial and common tools of diplomacy for reaching agreements between states in various domains, including diplomatic relations and foreign policy. It plays a key role in the peaceful attainment of the demands, interests, and ideals of the negotiating parties. Every state, in seeking a favorable agreement with either allies or adversaries, must adhere to its own religious and legal frameworks during the negotiation process. The Holy Quran presents principles and strategies for the negotiation of Islamic governments with both friendly and hostile states. However, these principles and strategies have not been explicitly and systematically articulated and categorized; they must be inductively derived and presented based on evidence from books of Quranic exegesis. Therefore, this research employs a descriptive-analytical method, referring to Quranic lexicons and exegetical works to collect and categorize verses related to negotiation, extracting from their meanings the relevant principles and strategies. According to the findings of this study, the negotiation strategies from the perspective of the Holy Quran are: pre-negotiation strategies, intra-negotiation strategies, post-negotiation strategies, and strategies common to all three stages. All these strategies fall under four overarching principles: The Principle of Monotheism and Guardianship (Tawḥīd and Wilāyah); The Principle of Dignity and Authority; The Principle of Justice-Seeking and Anti-Oppression; and The Principle of Wisdom and Expediency. https://qd.razavi.ac.ir/article_2156_b3c1b8104d356d751cacbe1c058cc60c.pdf